The history of Ukrainian space industry starts back in 1937 when a team of scientists from Kharkiv Aviation Institute lead by Georgy Proskura launched a large stratospheric rocket near Kharkiv.
Dnipropetrovsk, in Central Ukraine, was the site of a large manufacturer of automobiles. The "Machine-Building Plant" as it was called, was renamed "Machine-Building Plant No. 586" and assigned to develop and manufacture R-1 missiles in 1951. Three years later, the "Special Design Office No.586," headed by Michael Yangel, was created to develop the R-12, a new generation of missile with advanced combat characteristics. In 1966 the Machine-Building Plant no. 586 was renamed "Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant" and the "Special Design Office" designated "Yuzhnoye State Design Office" or, simply, "SDO Yuzhnoye."
The Cosmos satellite launch vehicle was mainly developed at Dnipropetrovsk in 1957 based on the R-12 missile. Cosmos eventually became the primary launch vehicle in the Former Soviet unio and maintained this position throughout the 1960's and well into the 1970's.
reparations for the historic deployment of the first artificial Earth satellite on October 4, 1957. Ukrainian enterprises, which contributed to this worldchanging event, included "Arsenal", "Kommunar," "Monolit," "Evpatoria Space Center." These enterprises along with the "SDO Yuzhnoye" and "Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant" still participate today as part of the Ukrainian space industry.
Since early 60's space industry enterprises have developed and manufactured control systems, on-board equipment, and micro satellite platforms for space vehicles and launch complexes.
Yuriy Gagarin lifted into space on April 12, 1961 on a Russian modified intercontinental ballistic missile (R-7) equipped with devices developed by "Kommunar" and "Arsenal."
The "SDO Yuzhnoye" embarked on the design of space capsules in addition to launch vehicles. This brilliant scientific research effort resulted in the development of "Meteor" and "Strila" spacecraft, which were launched in 1961.
These successes were followed in 1962 with the launch of the first Dnipropetrovsk-made satellite, the DC-2, which was deployed into orbit by a Cosmos rocket.
Yangel's "SDO Yuzhnoye" continued to grow in reputation throughout the 1960's as it developed a series of Little Unified Earth Satellites for scientific research. 00105.jpg (39589 bytes)
In partnership with "Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant" they designed and produced the world famous Cyclone-series launch vehicles which were based on R-36 intercontinental ballistic missiles.
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