Flying Visual Flight Rules Over-The-Top (VFR-OTT) means flying with visual reference to a layer of cloud instead of the earth’s surface without holding an Instrument Flight Rating (IFR). This type of VFR flying offers challenges that require an advanced training in instrument flying and radio navigation skills. It also requires advanced training and skill in interpretation and application of weather reports and forecasts. The VFR-OTT rating is an endorsement that can be added on to your Private Pilot Licence. There are limits to flying VFR-OTT and flights should only be conducted when there is no risk of accidentally encountering actual IFR flight conditions.

Prerequisites

To apply for the VFR-OTT Rating, you must hold a valid Private Pilot Licence and Category 1 or 3 Medical Certificate.

Experience Requirements

The flight training for the VFR OTT Rating includes the instrument elements of the Commercial Pilot Licence and requires 15 hours of instrument training. Any instrument time gained on the Private Pilot Licence or Night Rating can be applied towards the VFR-OTT requirements. If you hold a Commercial Pilot Licence, you will already be rated for VFR Over-The-Top.

No written examination is required. However, you will be required to understand all flight rules governing night operations including:

Currency requirements for the carrying of passengers

Weather minimum requirements for VFR Over-The-Top flights

In addition, you should become acquainted with the human physiology and sensory illusions associated with night flight.

The ground portion of the training includes a general review of Canadian Airspace, weather requirements for VFR-OTT flight, interpreting and applying weather products, and instrument flying techniques, operation of ADF, VOR, and GPS navigation systems.

The Rating is given by Transport Canada on the recommendation of the Flight Instructor, who must certify that all the requirements have been met.